ABSTRACT
Aim: In this study the significant differentially expressed genes [DEGs] related to gastric cancer [GC] and chronic gastritis were screened to introduce common and distinctive genes between the two diseases
Background: Diagnosis of gastric cancer as a mortal disease and chronic gastritis the stomach disorder which can be considered as risk factor of GCs required safe and effective molecular biomarkers
Methods: Microarray profiles were downloaded from Gene Expression Omnibus [GEO] and analyzed via GEO2R. The candidate DEGs plus relevant genes from STRING database were interacted by Cytoscape software version 3.6.0 the central nodes were determined and analyzed
Results: JUN, GAPDH, FOS, TP53, PRDM10, VEGFA, and CREB1 as central nodes and TFF1 and ERG1 as the top changed expressed genes were determined as critical nodes related to gastric cancer. GAPDH, PRDM10, TP53, JUN, AKT1, EGFR, MAPK1, EGF, DECR1, and MYC were identified as common remarkable genes between GC and chronic gastritis
Conclusion: Identification of distinctive and common genes between GC and chronic gastritis can be useful in the early stage detection of disease and reducing risk of GCs
ABSTRACT
Aim: Since interactome analysis of diseases can provide candidate biomarker panel related to the diseases, in this research, proteinprotein interaction [PPI] network analysis is used to introduce the involved crucial proteins in Gastric adenocarcinoma [GA]
Background: Gastric adenocarcinoma [GA] is the most common type of stomach cancer. There is no efficient diagnostic molecular method for GA
Methods: Applying Cytoscape software 3.4.0 and String Database, the PPI network was constructed for 200 genes. Based on centrality parameters, the critical nodes were screened. Gene ontology of the key proteins for pathway analysis and molecular function processing were done and the highlighted pathways and activities were discussed
Results: Among 200 initial genes, 141 genes were included in a main connected network. Seven crucial proteins, including tumor protein p53, epidermal growth factor receptor, albumin, v-erb-b2 erythroblastic leukemia viral oncogene homolog 2, neuro/glioblastoma derived oncogene homolog [avian], v-akt murine thymoma viral oncogene homolog 1, v-src sarcoma [Schmidt-Ruppin A-2] viral oncogene homolog [avian] and catenin [cadherin-associated protein], beta 1, 88kDa, and Myogenic differentiation 1, were introduced as key nodes of the network. These identified proteins are mostly involved in pathways and activities related to cancer
Conclusion: In conclusion, the finding is corresponding to the significant roles of these introduced proteins in GA disease. This protein panel may be a useful probe in the management of GA
ABSTRACT
Aim: The aim of this study is to present the oral Squamous Cell Cancer protein-protein interaction network interpretation in comparison to esophageal adenocarcinoma
Background: Oral squamous cell cancer [OSCC] is a common disease worldwide, with poor prognosis and limited treatment. Thus, introducing molecular markers through network analysis can be helpful
Methods: STRING database [DB] was applied for network construction through Cytoscape 3.4.0. Clue GO handled the gene annotation for the retrieved clusters. Eight proteins were indicated to be differential in the network constitution
Results: The centrality and clustering analysis indicate that TP53 plays an over-significant role in network integrity among eight most central proteins including TP53, AKT1, EGFR, MYC, JUN, CDH1, CCND1, and CTNNB1. The suggested biomarker set is very similar to the related biomarker panel of esophageal adenocarcinoma
Conclusion: The ontology analysis implies that the prominent proteins are involved in regulation of smooth muscle cell proliferation, regulation of fibroblast proliferation, and response to UV-A processes. In conclusion, these proteins and their associated biological processes may be more critical compared to other reported biomarkers for OSCC. Nevertheless, validation studies are required for confirming the pivotal role of potential candidates. Similar biomarker panel of this disease and esophagus adenocarcinoma is corresponded to the origin of the two malignancies
ABSTRACT
Aim: The main goal of this analysis was prioritization of co-expressed genes and miRNAs that are thought to have important influences in the pathogenesis of colon and lung cancers
Background: MicroRNAs [miRNAs] as small and endogenous noncoding RNAs which regulate gene expression by repressing mRNA translation or decreasing stability of mRNAs; they have proven pivotal roles in different types of cancers. Accumulating evidence indicates the role of miRNAs in a wide range of biological processes from oncogenesis and tumor suppressors to contribution to tumor progression. Colon and lung cancers are frequently encountered challenging types of cancers; therefore, exploring trade-off among underlying biological units such as miRNA with mRNAs will probably lead to identification of promising biomarkers involved in these malignancies
Methods: Colon cancer and lung cancer expression data were downloaded from Firehose and TCGA databases and varied genes extracted by DCGL software were subjected to build two gene regulatory networks by parmigene R package. Afterwards, a networkdriven integrative analysis was performed to explore prognosticates genes, miRNAs and underlying pathways
Results: A total of 192 differentially expressed miRNAs and their target genes within gene regulatory networks were derived by ARACNE algorithm. BTF3, TP53, MYC, CALR, NEM2, miR-29b-3p and miR-145 were identified as bottleneck nodes and enriched via biological gene ontology [GO] terms and pathways chiefly in biosynthesis and signaling pathways by further screening
Conclusion: Our study uncovered correlated alterations in gene expression that may relate with colon and lung cancers and highlighted the potent common biomarker candidates for the two diseases
ABSTRACT
Aim: To evaluate the effect of active T. gondii tachyzoites and its products on the gene expression level of IFN-gammaR1 and IFN-gammaR2 in a murine model
Background: Many studies have shown that the parasite Toxoplasma gondii utilizes different mechanisms to inhibit the function of IFN-gamma, but the parasite effect on the function of IFN-gammaR1 and IFN-gammaR2 is still unclear
Patients and methods: Toxoplasma lysate product [TLP], excretory/secretory products [ESPs] obtained from cell free and cell culture media as well as active tachyzoites were injected separately to their respective group each consisted of 10 BALB/c mice. One control group of 10 mice received phosphate buffered saline [PBS]. All of the mice were euthanized three days after the last injection and then their peritoneal leukocytes were harvested separately. The total RNA was extracted from the samples, converted to cDNA, and the gene expression level of IFN-gammaR1 and IFN-gammaR2 was assessed in all of the treated groups relative to the control one
Results: There was no significant difference between each of the treated groups relative to the control group concerning the gene expression level of IFN-gammaR2 [P> 0.05]. Furthermore, the gene expression level of IFN-gammaR1 in two groups of TLP [P= 0.04] and ESP obtained from cell free medium [P= 0.008] showed a significant difference relative to the control group
Conclusion: Findings of this study revealed a new aspect of host-T. gondii interaction in that this parasite is able to downregulate IFN-gammaR1 to reduce the IFN-gamma effects on the infected cell
ABSTRACT
The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of human and animal fascioliasis in ILam Province, Iran. Fascioliasis, caused by Fasciola hepatica, is one of the most important zoonotic diseases. Snails are an intermediate host. Human infection with the parasite can led to hypertrophy and hyperplasia in bile duct. It also economic importance and further information is essential about the epidemiology of the parasite in ILam province. The study on animals was descriptive and retrospective. All records from abattoirs were analyzed. It was conducted on 27242 indigenous animals including 17055 sheep, 5703 goats, and 4484 cattle. For the study of human Fascioliasis infection 600 human sera, from person among 5-80 year old, were collected and ELISA test was used for identification of IgG antibody to Fasciola hepatica by commercial kit. The overall prevalence of Fasciola hepatica among 27242 slaughtered animals was 0.98%. Out of 267 domestic animals, 98 sheep, 28 goats and 141 cattle were infected with the parasite. The highest and lowest infection rate of 3.14% and 0.1% were cattle and goat, respectively. The prevalence of IgG antibody was 0.66% [n = 4] against Fasciola hepatica in humans. Three infected people were living in rural areas. The highest infection rate [3 people] was found in women. Ilam province is among the areas where the prevalence of Fasciola hepatica is low. This is probably due to the drought in the region in recent years that makes conditions difficult for the survival of snails, the intermediate hosts. But there is a risk of the disease increasing in incidence, in this region
Subject(s)
Humans , Animals , Prevalence , Fasciola hepatica , Sheep , Goats , Cattle , Immunoglobulin G , Retrospective Studies , Seroepidemiologic StudiesABSTRACT
One of the prominent types of connective tissue cells is fibroblast that synthesizes and maintains the extracellular matrix of many animal tissues. Previous studies illustrated that calprotectin protein has different cytotoxicity effects on fibroblast cells. Calprotectin is abundant in the mneutrophil cytosol; it has growth-inhibitory and apoptosis-inducing activities against various mcell types such mas tumor cells. The present study tries to introduce mechanism of growth inhibitory effect of calprotectin on human foreskin fibroblast cells [HFFF] and compare to etoposide [chemotherapy agent as control]. Calprotectin was purified from human neutrophil by chromatography methods. HFFF cell lines were used, maintained in RPMI 1640 medium supplemented with 10% FCS in a humidified incubator [37 degreeC and 5% CO2]. The HFFF cells were exposed to the different concentrations of calprotectin and etoposide for 24, 48 and 72 hours. Cell proliferation was assessed by using dimethylthiazol diphenyl tetrazolium bromide assay. Flow cytometric analysis was performed to evaluate the cytotoxic mechanism of calprotectin on HFFF cells. Our results revealed that calprotectin and etoposide induce growth inhibition of HFFF in dose- and time-dependent manners. Sensitivity of HFFF cells to cytotoxic effect of human calprotectin was highly remarkable. In addition, growth inhibitory effect of this cytotoxic agent mostly was governed through induction of apoptosis in the HFFF cells. Taken together, calprotectin not only has more potent anticancer activity in comparison with the etoposide, but it also is an apoptosis inducer that acts on the proliferation of normal cells like fibroblasts